LEXUS RX 300

1998-2003 of release

Repair and car operation



Лексус RX 300
+ Cars Lexus RX-300
+ Controls and operation receptions
+ Options and car routine maintenance
+ The engine
+ Systems of cooling of the engine, heating, ventilation and air conditioning
+ The power supply system and release of the fulfilled gases
- Systems of an electric equipment of the engine
   + Ignition and engine management systems
   - Diagnostics of systems of electronic control and the diagnostic equipment
      The general information
      Application of an oscillograph for supervision of signals in chains of control systems
      Diagnostics
   + Charge and start systems
+ Automatic transmission and interaxal differential
+ Трансмиссионная a line
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body
+ Onboard electric equipment
+ Basic schemes of electric connections




Application of an oscillograph for supervision of signals in chains of control systems

Digital multimeters perfectly approach for check of electric chains being in a static condition, and also for fixing of slow changes of traced parametres. At carrying out of the dynamic checks which are carried out on the working engine, and also at revealing of the reasons of periodic failures by absolutely irreplaceable tool there is an oscillograph.

Some oscillographs allow to keep oscillograms in the built in module of memory with the subsequent conclusion of results to the press or their copying to the digital carrier already in stationary conditions.

The oscillograph allows to observe periodic signals and to measure characteristics of rectangular impulses, and also levels of slowly varying pressure. The oscillograph can be used for:

  • Revealings of failures of astable character;
  • Checks of results of the made corrections;
  • Monitoring of activity of a ljambda-probe;
  • The analysis of the signals developed by a ljambda-probe which deviation of parametres from norm is the unconditional certificate of infringement of serviceability of functioning of a control system as a whole, - on the other hand, correctness of the form of impulses given out by a ljambda-probe can serve as a reliable guarantee of absence of infringements in a control system.

Reliability and simplicity of operation of modern oscillographs do not demand from the operator of special special knowledge and experience. Interpretation of the received information can be easily made by elementary visual comparison of the oscillograms removed during check with the time dependences resulted more low typical for various gauges and actuation mechanisms of automobile control systems.

Parametres of periodic signals

Each signal removed by means of an oscillograph can be described by means of following key parametres:

  • Amplitude – a difference of the maximum and minimum pressure () a signal within the period;
  • The period – duration of a cycle of a signal (мс);
  • Frequency – quantity of cycles in a second (Hz);
  • Width – duration of a rectangular impulse (мс, мкс);
  • Porosity – the relation of the period of repetition to width (In foreign terminology return is applied porosity parametre named a running cycle, expressed in %);
  • The signal form – sequence of rectangular impulses, individual emissions, a sinusoid, sawtooth impulses, etc.
Characteristics of any signal

Usually characteristics of the faulty device strongly differ from reference, that allows the operator easily and quickly visually to reveal the given up component.

Direct current signals - pressure of a signal is analyzed only.

Gauge ECT signal
Gauge TPS
Ljambda-probe
Gauge MAF

Alternating current signals - are analyzed amplitude, frequency and the signal form.
 The gauge of detonations

The frequency-modulated signals - are analyzed amplitude, frequency, the form of a signal and width of periodic impulses.
Inductive gauge CKP
Inductive gauge CMP
 Inductive gauge VSS
Gauges of turns and the positions of shaft working on effect of the Hall
Optical gauges of turns and position of shaft
 Digital gauges MAF and MAP

The signals modulated on width of an impulse (ШИМ) - are analyzed amplitude, frequency, the form of a signal and porosity of periodic impulses.
Fuel injector
The device of stabilisation of turns Х/Х (IAC)
 Primary winding of the coil of ignition
Э/м the valve of a purge of an adsorber of system EVAP
System EVAP valves

The form of a signal given out by an oscillograph depends on set of various factors and can change appreciably.

In a kind told before to start replacement of a suspected component in case of discrepancy of the form of the removed diagnostic signal with the reference oscillogram, it is necessary to analyse the received result carefully.

Digital signal
Analogue signal

Pressure

Zero level of a reference signal cannot be considered as absolute basic value, - "zero" of a real signal depending on concrete parametres of a checked chain can appear shifted concerning reference (1 the range see an illustration the Digital signal) within a certain admissible range (2 the range see an illustration the Digital signal and 1 on an illustration the Analog signal).

The full amplitude of a signal depends on pressure of a food of a checked contour and also can vary concerning reference value in certain limits (2 the range see an illustration the Digital signal and 2 on an illustration the Analog signal).

In chains of a direct current the amplitude of a signal is limited to pressure of a food. As an example it is possible to result a chain of system of stabilisation of turns of idling (IAC) which alarm pressure does not change in any way with change of turns of the engine.

In chains of an alternating current the amplitude of a signal already unequivocally depends on frequency of work of a source of a signal so, the amplitude of the signal which is given out by the gauge of position of a cranked shaft (CKP) will increase with increase of turns of the engine.

In a kind told if the amplitude of a signal removed by means of an oscillograph appears excessively low or high (up to trimming of top levels), it is enough to switch only a working range of the device, having passed on a corresponding scale of measurement.

At check of the equipment of chains with э/м management (for example, system IAC) at food switching-off pressure throws (the Digital signal see 4 an illustration) which can be ignored easy at the analysis of results of measurement can be observed.

It is not necessary to worry also at occurrence of such deformations of the oscillogram, as скашивание the bottom part of forward front of rectangular impulses (5 values see an illustration the Digital signal) if, of course, the fact выполаживания front is not a sign of infringement of serviceability of functioning of a checked component.

Frequency

Frequency of repetition of alarm impulses depends on working frequency of a source of signals.

The form of a removed signal can be edited and led to a kind convenient for the analysis by switching on an oscillograph of scale of time development of the image.

At supervision of signals in alternating current chains time development of an oscillograph depends on frequency of a source of a signal (3 the range see an illustration the Analog signal), defined by engine turns.

As already it was spoken above, for signal reduction to a legible kind it is enough to switch scale of time development of an oscillograph.

In some cases characteristic changes of a signal appear developed mirror concerning reference dependences that speaks реверсивностью polarity of connection of a corresponding element and, in the absence of an interdiction for change of polarity of connection, can be ignored at the analysis.

Typical signals of components of control systems of the engine

Modern oscillographs are usually equipped only by two alarm wires together with a set various щупов, allowing to carry out device connection practically to any device.

The red wire is connected to a positive pole of an oscillograph and usually connected to plug ECM. The black wire should be connected to reliably earthed point (weight).

Injectors

Management of structure of an air-fuel mix in modern automobile electronic systems of injection of fuel is carried out by timely updating of duration of opening of electromagnetic valves of injectors.

Duration of stay of injectors in an open condition is defined by duration developed ECM the electric impulses submitted on an input э/м of valves. Duration of impulses usually does not fall outside the limits a range 1 ÷ 14 мс.

The typical oscillogram of the impulse operating operation of an injector, is presented on an illustration a fuel Injector. Often on the oscillogram it is possible to observe also a series of the short pulsations following directly behind the initiating negative rectangular impulse and supporting э/м the valve of an injector in an open condition, and also the sharp positive throw of pressure accompanying the moment of closing of the valve.

Serviceability of functioning ECM can be checked easily up by means of an oscillograph by visual supervision of changes of the form of an operating signal at a variation of working parametres of the engine. So, duration of impulses at проворачивании the engine on single turns should be a little above, than at unit work on low turns. Increase of turns of the engine should be accompanied by respective increase in time of stay of injectors in an open condition. The given dependence is especially well shown at opening throttle заслонки by short pressing a gas pedal.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. By means of thin щупа from a set applied on an oscillograph connect a red wire of the device to инжекторной to plug ECM. Щуп the second alarm wire (black) oscillograph reliably earth.
  2. Analyse the form read out during time проворачивании the signal engine.
  3. Having started the engine, check up the form of an operating signal on single turns.
  4. Sharply having pressed a gas pedal, lift frequency of rotation of the engine to 3000 rpm, - duration of operating impulses at the moment of an acceleration should increase considerably, with the subsequent stabilisation at the level equal, or hardly smaller peculiar to idling turns.

Fast closing throttle заслонки should lead to the flattening of the oscillogram confirming the fact перекрывания of injectors (for systems with отсечкой fuel givings).

At cold start the engine requires some enrichment of an air-fuel mix that is provided with automatic increase in duration of opening of injectors. In process of warming up duration of operating impulses on the oscillogram should be reduced continuously, gradually coming nearer to value typical for single turns.

In injection systems in which the injector of cold start is not applied, at cold start of the engine the additional operating impulses shown on the oscillogram in the form of pulsations of variable length are used.

In the table resulted more low typical dependence of duration of operating impulses of opening of injectors on a working condition of the engine is presented.

Engine condition Duration of an operating impulse, мс
Single turns 1.5 ÷ 5
2000 + 3000 rpm 1.1 ÷ 3.5
Full gas 8.2 ÷ 3.5

Inductive gauges

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Start the engine and compare the oscillogram removed from an exit of the inductive gauge from the reference.
Signal of the inductive gauge
  1. The increase in turns of the engine should be accompanied by increase in amplitude of a pulse signal developed by the gauge.

Э/м the valve of stabilisation of turns of idling (IAC)

In motor industry electromagnetic valves IAC of set of the various types which are giving out signals also of the various form are used.

The general distinctive line of all valves is that fact, that porosity of a signal should decrease with loading increase for the engine, connected with inclusion of additional consumers of the capacity causing fall of turns of idling.

If porosity of the oscillogram changes with loading increase, however at inclusion of consumers infringement of stability of turns of idling takes place, check up a condition of a chain of the electromagnetic valve, and also correctness given out ECM a command signal.

Usually in chains of stabilisation of turns of idling the 4-polar step-by-step electric motor which description is resulted more low is used. Check of 2-contact and 3-contact valves IAC is made in a similar manner, however oscillograms of alarm pressure given out by them are absolutely unlike.

The step-by-step electromotor, reacting on given out ECM a pulsing operating signal, makes step updating of turns of idling of the engine according to working temperature of a cooling liquid and current loading on the engine.

Levels of operating signals can be checked up by means of an oscillograph, measuring щуп which is connected serially to each of four plugs of the step-by-step motor.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Warm up the engine to normal working temperature and leave its working on single turns.
  2. For increase in loading at the engine include head headlights, air conditioner, or, - on models with the wheel hydraulic booster, - turn a steering wheel. Idling turns should fall to short time, however there and then again to be stabilised for the account of operation of valve IAC.
  3. Compare the removed oscillogram with reference, resulted on an illustration the Device of stabilisation of turns Х/Х (IAC).

Ljambda-probe (the oxygen gauge)

In the given subsection the oscillograms typical for ljambda-probes most often used on cars циркониевого of type in which basic pressure 0.5 Century Recently the increasing popularity is not used are resulted get titanic gauges, the working which range of a signal makes 0÷5 In, and high level of pressure stands out at combustion of the impoverished mix, low, - enriched.


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Connect an oscillograph between the ljambda-probe plug on ECM and weight.
  2. Make sure, that the engine прогрет to normal working temperature.
  3. Compare the oscillogram displayed a measuring instrument with reference, resulted on an illustration the Ljambda-probe (see above).
  4. If the removed signal is not wavy, and represents linear dependence, that, depending on pressure level, it testifies to excessive repauperization (0 ÷ 0.15), or reenrichment (0.6 ÷ 1) an air-fuel mix.
  5. If on single turns of the engine the normal wavy signal takes place, try to squeeze out sharply some times педель gas, - signal fluctuations should not fall outside the limits a range 0 ÷ 1 Century
  6. The increase in turns of the engine should be accompanied by increase of amplitude of a signal, reduction - decrease.

The detonation gauge (KS)

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Connect an oscillograph between the plug of the gauge of detonation ECM and weight.
  2. Make sure, that the engine прогрет to normal working temperature.
  3. Sharply squeeze out a pedal of gas and compare the form of a removed signal of an alternating current with reference, resulted on an illustration the Gauge of detonations (see above).
  4. At insufficient image sharpness slightly knock on the block of cylinders around placing of the gauge of a detonation.
  5. If to achieve unambiguity of the form of a signal it is not possible, replace the gauge, or check up a condition of electroconducting of its chain.

Ignition signal on an exit of the amplifier of ignition

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Connect an oscillograph between the plug of the amplifier of ignition ECM and weight.
  2. Warm up the engine to normal working temperature and leave its working on single turns.
  3. On the oscillograph screen the sequence of rectangular impulses of a direct current should stand out. Compare the form of an accepted signal with reference, paying steadfast attention to coincidence of such parametres, as amplitude, frequency and the form of impulses.
Operating signal of the amplifier of ignition
  1. At increase in turns of the engine frequency of a signal should increase in direct ratio.

Primary winding of the coil of ignition

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Connect an oscillograph between the plug of the coil of ignition ECM and weight.
  2. Warm up the engine to normal working temperature and leave its working on single turns.
  3. Compare the form of an accepted signal with reference, resulted on an illustration the Primary winding of the coil of ignition (see above), - positive throws of pressure should have constant amplitude.
  4. Non-uniformity of throws can be caused excessive resistance of a secondary winding, and also malfunction ВВ of a wire of the coil.

Contacts

Colour of wires

Check conditions

Pressure, In

The engine

<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

B-Y<—> BR

Always

9 ÷ 14

+ B (E 5-16)<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

B-R<—> BR

Ignition is included

9 ÷; 14

VC (E 8-2)<—> E 8 (E 8-18)

Y-B<—> BR

Ignition is included

4.5 ÷ 5.5

VTA 1 (E 8-23)<—> E 8 (E 8-18)

L-W<—> BR

Ignition is included, throttle заслонка is completely closed//opened

0.3 ÷ 1.0//2.7 ÷ 5.2

VG (E8-10)<—> E8G (E8-19)

Y-R<—> G-B

Idling, К/В is switched off

1

VV1 + (E9-10)<—> NE - (E8-24)

O<—> W

Idling

Generation of impulses

VV 2 + (E 9-22)<—> NE - (E 8-24)

L<—> W

Idling

Generation of impulses

NE + (E 8-16)<—> NE - (E 8-24)

B<—> W

Idling

Generation of impulses

OC 1 + (E 9-6)<—> OC 1 (E 9-5)

Y-B<—> G-W

Ignition is included

Generation of impulses

OC2 + (E9-29)<—> OC2 - (E9-18)

G-R<—> G-Y

Ignition is included

Generation of impulses

THA (E8-22)<—> E8 (E8-18)

L-B<—> BR

Idling, temperature of soaked up air 20 hailstones.

0.5 ÷ 3.4

THW (E8-14)<—> E8 (E8-18)

G-W<—> BR

Idling, temperature ОЖ 80 hailstones.

0.2 ÷ 1.0

STA (E5-7)<—> E9 (E8-17)

B<—> BR

Проворачивание

Not less than 6.0

#10 (E8-5)<—> E01 (E9-21)

#20 (E8-6)<—> E01 (E9-21)

#30 (E9-1)<—> E01 (E9-21)

#40 (E9-2)<—> E01 (E9-21)

#50 (E9-3)<—> E01 (E9-21)

#60 (E9-4)<—> E01 (E9-21)

W<—> WB

Y<—> WB

B<—> WB

L<—> WB

R<—> WB

G<—> WB

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14

Idling

Generation of impulses

IGT 1 (E 9-11)<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

B-Y<—> BR

Idling

Generation of impulses

IGT2 (E9-12)<—> E9 (E8-17)

L-R<—> BR

IGT3 (E9-13)<—> E9 (E8-17)

Y-G<—> BR

IGT4 (E9-14)<—> E9 (E8-17)

L-Y<—> BR

IGT5 (E9-15)<—> E9 (E8-17)

Y<—> BR

IGT6 (E9-16)<—> E9 (E8-17)

G-B<—> BR

IGF (E-25)<—> E9 (E8-17)

B<—> BR

Ignition is included

4.5 ÷ 5.5

Idling

Generation of impulses

ACIS (E9-17)<—> E01 (E9-21)

R-Y<—> W-B

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14

FC (E 5-3)<—> E 01 (E 9-21)

L-Y<—> W-B

Ignition is included

9 ÷; 14

Idling

0 ÷ 3.0

RSO (E9-26)<—> E01 (E9-21)

Y-R<—> W-B

Ignition is included, socket E 9 ECM is separated

9 ÷ 14

OXS (E6-8)<—> E9 (E8-17)

W<—> BR

Maintenance of 2500 rpm within 3 minutes after engine warming up

Generation of impulses

HTS (E 6-9)<—> E 03 (E 9-30)

B<—> W-B

Idling

More low 3.0

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14

KNKR (E 9-27)<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

W<—> BR

Idling

Generation of impulses

KNKL (E 9-28)<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

B<—> BR

NSW (E6-20)<—> E9 (E8-17)

B-W<—> BR

Ignition mode АТ which is distinct from "P" or "N" is included, chosen

9 ÷ 14

Ignition is included, АТ in a mode "P" or "N"

0 ÷ 3.0

SPD (E6-22)<—> E9 (E8-17)

V-W<—> BR

Ignition is included, slow rotation приводного a disk

0 ÷ 5

TC (E5-5)<—> E9 (E8-17)

P-B<—> BR

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14

W (E 6-6)<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

Y-G<—> BR

Ignition is included

More low 3.0

EVP1 (E8-7)<—> E01 (E9-21)

W-L<—> W-B

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14

CCV (E 5-10)<—> E 01 (E 9-21)

G<—> W-B

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14


Contacts

Colour of wires

Check conditions

Pressure, In

PS (E8-9)<—> E9 (E8-17)

B-Y<—> BR

Ignition is included

9 ÷14

CF (E 6-26)<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

R-W<—> BR

The fan works on high speed

9 ÷ 14

The fan works on low speed or is switched off

0 ÷ 2

TACH (E6-27)<—> E9 (E8-17)

O<—> BR

Idling

Generation of impulses

TBP (E 6-3)<—> E 01 (E 9-21)

L-R<—> W-B

Ignition is included, from VSV pressure of steams of fuel the vacuum hose is disconnected

9 ÷ 14

PTNK (E5-17)<—> E9 (E8-17)

L-O<—> BR

Ignition is included

2.9 ÷ 3.7

Ignition the vacuum of 30 mm hg is included, created

No more than 0.5

SIL (E 5-4)<—> E 9 (E 5-17)

W<—> BR

In the course of transfer

Generation of impulses

STP (E 5-15)<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

G-O<—> BR

Ignition the brake pedal is included, squeezed out

7.5 ÷ 14

Ignition is included, the brake pedal is released

More low 1.5

AFR + (E 8-11)<—> E 9 (E 8-17)

R<—> BR

Ignition is included

3.0 ÷ 3.6

AFL + (E5-12)<—> E9 (E8-17)

L<—> BR

AFR - (E8-20)<—> E9 (E8-17)

G<—> B R

Ignition is included

2.7 ÷ 3.3

AFL - (E8-21) - E9 (E8-17)

B-W<—> BR

HAFR (E8-3)<—> E04 (E8-1)

HAFL (E8-4)<—> E05 (E8-8)

L<—> W-B

Idling

More low 3.0

G<—> W-B

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14

KSW (E6-23)<—> E9 (E8-17)

L-B<—> BR

In a key installation time in the ignition lock

More low 1.5

Key not in the ignition lock

4 ÷ 5

RXCK (E6-19)<—> E9 (E8-17)

P<—> BR

In a key installation time in the ignition lock

Generation of impulses

CODE (E6-28)<—> E9 (E8-17)

V<—> BR

In a key installation time in the ignition lock

Generation of impulses

IGSW (E5-2)<—> E9 (E8-17)

B-O<—> BR

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14

TXCT (E6-18)<—> E9 (E8-17)

GR<—> BR

In a key installation time in the ignition lock

Generation of impulses

IMLD (E5-22)<—> E9 (E8-17)

L<—> BR

Key not in the ignition lock

Generation of impulses

MREL (E5-8)<—> E9 (E8-17)

B-W<—> BR

Ignition is included

9 ÷ 14

Automatic transmission

SL1 + (E9-20)<—> SL1 - (E9-19)

L-B<—> L-W

Ignition is included

10 ÷ 14

1st or 2nd transfer

10 ÷ 14

3rd or O / D transfer

More low 1

SL2 + (E9-9)<—> SL2 - (E9-8)

R-B<—> R-W

Ignition is included

More low 1

1st or 2nd transfer

10 ÷ 14

3rd or O / D transfer

More low 1

DSL (E9-7)<—> weight

R - L<—> weight of a body

Ignition is included

More low 1

Movement in the blocked position

10 ÷ 14

NC + (E9-24)<—> NC - (E9-23)

R<—> G

The working engine

Pulse signal

More low<—> 1 4 ÷ 5

NT + (E7-5)<—> NT - (Е7-Ч)

L<—> LG

The working engine

Pulse signal

More low<—> 1 4 ÷ 5

SLT + (E7-3)<—> SLT - (E7-2)

G-B<—> G

Ignition is included

10 ÷ 14

OD1 (E6-24)<—> E1 (E8-17)

Y-G<—> BR

Ignition is included

5 ÷ 6

L (E7-13)<—> E1 (E8-17)

L-R<—> BR

Ignition the mode "L" АТ is included and chosen

10 ÷ 14

Ignition mode АТ which is distinct from "L" is included and chosen

More low 1

2 (E7-14)<—> E1 (E8-17)

G-Y<—> BR

Ignition the mode "2" АТ is included and chosen

10 ÷ 14

Ignition mode АТ which is distinct from "2" is included and chosen

More low 1

R (E7-8)<—> E1 (E8-17)

R-B<—> BR

Ignition the mode "R" АТ is included and chosen

10 ÷ 14

Ignition mode АТ which is distinct from "R" is included and chosen

More low 1

D (E7-16)<—> E1 (E8-17)

G-R<—> BR

Ignition the mode "D" АТ is included and chosen

10 ÷ 14

Ignition mode АТ which is distinct from "D" is included and chosen

More low 1

N (E7-7)<—> E1 (E8-17)

R-W<—> BR

Ignition the mode "N" АТ is included and chosen

10 ÷ 14

Ignition mode АТ which is distinct from "N" is included and chosen

More low 1

P (E7-9)<—> E1 (E8-17)

G-W<—> BR

Ignition the mode "P" АТ is included and chosen

10 ÷ 14

Ignition mode АТ which is distinct from "P" is included and chosen

More low 1

ODLP (E5-9)<—> E1 (E8-17)

R-W<—> BR

Ignition is included, burns К/Л deenergizings of mode O / D

More low 1

Ignition is included, К/Л deenergizings of mode O / D does not burn

10 ÷ 14

ODMS (E7-12)<—> Е 1 (E8-17)

GR-L<—> BR

Ignition is included

10 ÷ 14

Ignition is included and the switch of mode O / D is kept

More low 1